中考

中考英語(yǔ)補(bǔ)全對(duì)話的答題技巧

補(bǔ)全對(duì)話又稱為情景對(duì)話。主要是考查學(xué)生的口語(yǔ)能力和對(duì)英語(yǔ)的應(yīng)對(duì)習(xí)慣。下面我從以下幾個(gè)方面談?wù)勊拿}趨勢(shì)和解題技巧。

一、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話常見(jiàn)的題型有:

1. 填單詞補(bǔ)全對(duì)話;

2. 寫(xiě)句子補(bǔ)全對(duì)話;

3. 選句子補(bǔ)全對(duì)話;

4. 選單詞補(bǔ)全對(duì)話;

5. 對(duì)話排序。

本市以前多采用第3種“選擇式”的客觀題型。但近幾年多采用第一，二種“非選擇式”的主觀題型，來(lái)考查學(xué)生靈活運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的能力。因此,本文著重介紹這類題型的具體做法。

二、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話的解題要求

1. 熟讀背誦考生應(yīng)熟讀背誦初中英語(yǔ)教材中出現(xiàn)過(guò)的日常交際用語(yǔ),如:問(wèn)候、介紹、問(wèn)路、看病、購(gòu)物、就餐、祝愿、打電話、談天氣等情境中的固定句式和習(xí)慣表達(dá)方式。只有這樣,做題時(shí)才能得心應(yīng)手。

2. 掌握各交際項(xiàng)目的習(xí)慣用法。平時(shí)牢固掌握初中英語(yǔ)教材中出現(xiàn)的30個(gè)交流項(xiàng)目以及它們各自特定的習(xí)慣表達(dá)方式和慣用句型，答題時(shí)就能迅速地回憶起與對(duì)話內(nèi)容有關(guān)的日常交際用語(yǔ)及習(xí)慣表達(dá)法，并且靈活地進(jìn)行運(yùn)用，才能保證所使用的語(yǔ)言符合英語(yǔ)在情景交流中的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。

3. 答題時(shí)要面向整體內(nèi)容，切忌片面理解。答題時(shí)，跳過(guò)空行，快速把全篇對(duì)話通讀一篇，了解對(duì)話的整體結(jié)構(gòu)，把握對(duì)話的內(nèi)容及語(yǔ)境。語(yǔ)境決定了語(yǔ)言的表達(dá)方式、雙方說(shuō)話人的態(tài)度以及表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。如在餐館、圖書(shū)館、車站、商店等不同的地點(diǎn)，都有各自的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)方式。因而，在做題時(shí)，應(yīng)在理解全篇對(duì)話內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上，準(zhǔn)確地把握語(yǔ)言環(huán)境，把自己“置身”于語(yǔ)境之中， 理解雙方談話的意圖。

4. 抓好關(guān)鍵詞，進(jìn)行推斷，使填詞后組成的句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整、合理?？疾榈男问绞茄a(bǔ)全對(duì)上句問(wèn)題的回答或者是補(bǔ)全對(duì)下句所要回答問(wèn)題的提問(wèn)。因此一定要注意前后照應(yīng)，關(guān)注上下文之間的密切關(guān)系。做題時(shí)，可以根據(jù)上句的信息推斷下句的信息，通過(guò)下句的信息推斷上句的信息，即：要填前面的空行，看后句的信息，要填后面的空行，看前句的含義。如在打電話時(shí)，上句問(wèn) “Who’s that speaking?” 那么下句所選的就應(yīng)是 “This is…” 。如在餐館，下句的內(nèi)容是 “A bottle of beer, please.”那么上句就應(yīng)該是 “What can I do for you?”或 “Can I help you?” 這樣前后對(duì)照，才能使上下文相適應(yīng)。

5. 注意對(duì)話的表達(dá)要符合英美人的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。不同的國(guó)家有不同的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、生活習(xí)慣等等。在語(yǔ)言交際中也有各種不同的差異。在交際語(yǔ)言的選用中 ，由于受到各自的文化背景的影響，表達(dá)的方式也就不同。因而，在補(bǔ)全對(duì)話過(guò)程中，所選的句子要符合英美 人的習(xí)慣。凡有像 “Have you eaten?”； “What do you want to buy?” 這類句子在對(duì)話中都應(yīng)避免使用。

6. 正確書(shū)寫(xiě)，從容答題。答題時(shí)應(yīng)注意單詞的正確拼寫(xiě)及大小寫(xiě)的正確運(yùn)用，書(shū)寫(xiě)應(yīng)工整、規(guī)范。

三、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話答題步驟：

（1）通覽全文、領(lǐng)會(huì)大意、揣摩話題。解題時(shí)應(yīng)先跳過(guò)空格通覽全文，了解對(duì)話大意，根據(jù)對(duì)大意的把握，判定語(yǔ)境，揣摩話題。

（2） 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境、填寫(xiě)單詞或句子。在把握話題和語(yǔ)境的基礎(chǔ)上，針對(duì)對(duì)話的每一空白處，細(xì)讀所提供的前后文，認(rèn)真分析它們之間的異同，依據(jù)對(duì)話有關(guān)情景內(nèi)容，填寫(xiě)相應(yīng)的單詞或者句子。

（3）通盤(pán)考慮、前后聯(lián)想、先易后難。要從對(duì)話整體理解出發(fā)，依照上、下問(wèn)答的邏輯順序來(lái)考慮所選擇的答案，不可不顧前后順序，孤立地就上句就補(bǔ)下句，這樣可能出現(xiàn)所補(bǔ)句子符合上文而不符合下文的情況。要先解決有把握的、容易的，再回頭補(bǔ)選較難的。

（4）通讀對(duì)話、義形結(jié)合、驗(yàn)證答案。將對(duì)話補(bǔ)全之后，再將整段對(duì)話通讀一遍，逐一驗(yàn)證答案。所填的答案不僅語(yǔ)義上要符合語(yǔ)境，而且要保證語(yǔ)言正確，做到說(shuō)話得體。

四、注意事項(xiàng)

（1）所補(bǔ)全的對(duì)話內(nèi)容必須能使上、下文連貫一致，因而必須瞻前顧后、全盤(pán)考慮，不能僅看上一個(gè)問(wèn)句就填寫(xiě)下一個(gè)答句，或僅根據(jù)下文中的答句就補(bǔ)全它的問(wèn)句，否則容易造成邏輯錯(cuò)誤。

（2）做題前應(yīng)注意試題前面有否中文或英語(yǔ)的背景提示。這些背景提示是確是話題內(nèi)容的重要依據(jù)，不可疏忽帶過(guò)。

（3）如果是選擇題，則在選擇過(guò)程中考生應(yīng)注意把已選出的選項(xiàng)劃去，避免重復(fù)選擇的錯(cuò)誤。

（4）做題時(shí)要先易后難，一時(shí)難以確定不要勉強(qiáng)先做，否則易造成連鎖錯(cuò)誤。

中大網(wǎng)校推薦新聞：

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各省市2014年中考體育評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與項(xiàng)目匯總

例題分析：

（一）請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀下列對(duì)話，根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容，完成該對(duì)話。

A: Hello! 1.____________________ ?

B: Sorry, 2._____________________.This is Allan’s mother speaking. 3. _________?

A: This is Mary. Good evening, Mrs. Black.

B: Good evening, Mary. 4.____________________?

A: Yes, of course. Please tell Allan that all the dictionaries are sold out. But I can lend her one.

B: OK.

A: Thanks a lot. Good-bye!

B: 5._____________.

答案解析：

1. 根據(jù)下文我們知道這是一個(gè)電話用語(yǔ)的對(duì)話，所以我們就填出了相應(yīng)答案May I speak to Allan。

2. 根據(jù)后文“This is Allan’s mother speaking.” 我們填出：She isn’t in / She isn’t at home.

3. 根據(jù)“This is Mary”，我們填出：Who’s that

4. 根據(jù)“Yes, of course. Please tell Allan that all the dictionaries are sold out. But I can lend her one” 我們填出：Can I take a message for you

5. Goodbye

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各省市2014年中考時(shí)間匯總

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（二）根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從下面?zhèn)溥x框中選擇相應(yīng)選項(xiàng)填入對(duì)話中，使對(duì)話完成，流暢。

A: Excuse me, sir? Where is the nearest hotel?

B: 1. ___________________. You may ask that policeman over there.

A: Thank you all the same.

(The man goes to the policeman.)

A: Excuse me, 2._____________________?

C: No, there isn’t a hotel near here, but there is one near the Bank of China.

A: 3. ____________________?

C: It’s about two kilometers away.

A: 4. _____________________?

C: You’d better take a taxi, because it’s so late and there aren’t any buses now.

A: 5. _____________________.

C: You’re welcome.

備選答案：

A: I’m sorry I don’t know

B: Is there a hotel near here

C: How far is it

D: How can I get there

E: Thank you

備選答案：

A: I’m sorry I don’t know

B: Is there a hotel near here

C: How far is it

D: How can I get there

E: Thank you

答案解析：

A. 根據(jù)后文“You may ask that policeman over there”得知，說(shuō)話者也不知道哪里有旅館。

B. 根據(jù)后文的回答，得知前面問(wèn)的是附近哪里有旅館。

C. 根據(jù)后文回答的距離而知，前面問(wèn)的是有多遠(yuǎn)。

D. 根據(jù)后文得知，前面問(wèn)的是去旅館的方式。

E. 根據(jù)“You’re welcome.”而知，前面在表達(dá)感謝。

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各省市2014年中考時(shí)間匯總

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實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)

（1）

A: Hello. Could I speak to John?

B: 1.___________________.

A: Oh! Hi, John. This is Cindy. We met at Jim’s party.

B: How are you, Cindy?

A: Great. Would you like to see Titanic on Thursday night?

B: 2. ___________, Cindy, I have to work late this Thursday.

A: That’s too bad. 3.___________________?

B: I’m free on Saturday night

A: OK. How about meeting at about seven?

B: No problem. 4.__________________?

A: At the Garden Cinema. 5. ____________.

B: See you then.

1. This is John

2. I’m sorry

3. Are you free on Saturday night

4. Where shall we meet

5. See you then

(2)

A: Hello! May I speak to Lily?

B: 1._____________________.

C: Hello! 2.____________________.

A: Hi, Lily. This is Ann. Would you like to go to the park with me tonight?

C: Great! 3.____________________?

A: At the gate of our school.

C: 4._____________________?

A: How about six o’clock.

C: OK! 5.___________________?

A: See you then.

1. Hold on , please

2. This is Lily

3. Where shall we meet

4. When shall we meet

5. See you then

(3)

Fred: Hello! May I speak to Alice, please?

Kate: 1._______________. Alice, it’s for you.

Alice: Hello.

Fred: Hi, Alice. 2.____________. Would you like to go to my uncle’s farm tomorrow?

Alice: 3.__________________.

Fred: Good. I’ll pick you up at about seven o’clock.

Alice: Fine. I’ll be ready.

Fred: Great! I’m sure we’ll have a good time on the farm.

Alice: 4.______________. See you tomorrow.

Fred: 5.________________.

1. Hold on, please

2. This is Fred

3. Yes ,I’d love to .

4. I think so

5. See you tomorrow

（4）

A: Excuse me. 1._________________________?

B: Sorry, I’m new here. You can ask my friend. He may know.

C: The Children’s Hospital? Er… It’s a little far from here.

A: 2. ___________________________?

C: It’s about 5 kilometres away.

A: 3. ___________________________?

C: Yes, the No. 15 bus will take you there.

A: Where is the bus stop?

C: 4. _________________________ and take the first turning on the right. You can see it on your left. You can’t miss it.

A: 5. ___________________________.

C: You are welcome.

1. Which is the way to the Children’s Hospital

2. How far is it

3. Can I take a bus

4. Go along this road

5. Thank you

(5)

(At Mr. White’s office in a middle school)

A: Hello! 1. _______________________?

B: Speaking, please.

A: I’m Peter’s mother. I’d like to ask for leave for my son.

B: 2. ________________________?

A: He didn’t feel well this morning. He has a cold.

B: 3. ________________________. Is it serious?

A: Not very serious. But the doctor asked him to stay in bed and have a good rest.

B: Don’t worry. 4. _________________________.

A: Thank you, sir. Goodbye

B: Bye!

1. Can I speak to Mr. White

2. What’s wrong with him

3. I’m sorry to hear that

4. I hope he will be all right soon

(6)

A: Good morning, sir. 1. __________________?

B: I’d like to buy a white shirt. Do you have any white shirts?

A: Yes. 2. ____________________?

B: I want Size M.

A: Here you are.

B: Can I try it on?

A: Sure. Is it all right?

B: Yes. I like it very much. 3. ___________________?

A: 296 yuan.

B: That’s a bit expensive. Do you have any other kind? I want a cheaper one.

A: What about this one? It is only 108 yuan.

B: OK. 4. ___________________. Here is the money.

A: 5. ___________________.Goodbye, sir.

1. Can I help you

2. What size do you want

3. How much is it

4. I’ll take it

5. Here you are

（7）

Doctor: Good morning . What’s your trouble?

Woman: I don’t feel very well.

D:1._______________________________?

W: Yes, I have. My temperature is a little higher.

D: Open your mouth and say “Ah”.

W: Aahh

D: 2._______________________________?

W: Ever since last night.

D: Did your sleep well?

W: No, I was very tired last night.

D: Oh, I see. 3. ________________________.

W: Can you tell me how I got a cold?

D: Maybe you overworked yourself.

W: I think so. I have too much work to do every day.

Do I have to stay at home?

D: Yes. You’d better stay at home for two or three days.

W: 4 ______________________________. ?

D: No. I don’t think it is serious. But you really need

a good rest and take this medicine.

W: 5. ____________________________?

D: Three times a day.

W: OK. Thank you.

1. Have you taken your temperature？

2. How long have you been like this？

3. You’ve got a cold.

4. Is it serious?

5. How often do I have to take it?

中大網(wǎng)校推薦新聞：

各省市2014年中考時(shí)間匯總

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（責(zé)任編輯：liushengbao）