學位英語

Diet, Alcohol Linked to Nearly One Third of Cancers

Diet is second only to tobacco as a leading cause of cancer and, along with alcohol, is responsible for nearly one third of cases of the disease in developed countries, a leading researcher said on Tuesday.

Dr. Tim Key, of the University of Oxford, told a cancer conference that scientists are still discovering how certain foods contribute to cancer,but they know that diet, alcohol and obesity . play a major role.

“Five percent of cancers could be avoided if nobody was obese,” he said.

While tobacco is blinked to about 30 percent of cancer cases, diet is involved in an estimated 25 percent and alcohol in about six percent.

Obesity raises the risk of breast, womb, bowel and kidney cancer, while alcohol is known to cause cancers of the mouth, throat and liver, Its dangerous impact is increased when combined with smoking.

Key told the meeting of the charity Cancer Research UK that other elements of diet linked to cancer are still unknown but scientists are hoping that the EPIC study, which is comparing the diets of 500,000 people in 10 countries and their risk of cancer, will provide some answers .

Early results of the study have revealed that Norway, Sweden and Denmark have the lowest consumption of fruit and vegetables among European countries while Italy and Spain have the highest. Eating at least five portions of fruit and vegetables a day is recommended to reduce the risk of cancer.

Key, principal scientist on the EPIC study, said it is looking at dietary links to some of the most common cancers including colorectal, breast and prostate.

譯文：

大約三分之一的癌癥與飲食和酒精有關(guān)

一位重要的研究者在星期二說，飲食是僅次于吸煙的導(dǎo)致癌癥的原因，在發(fā)達國家飲食和酒精導(dǎo)致了大約三分之一癌癥。

牛津大學的提姆·凱博士在癌癥會議上說，科學家們正在研究特定的食物是怎樣導(dǎo)致癌癥的，但是他們知道，飲食、酒精和肥胖起了很大作用。

他說：“如果沒有肥胖的人，癌癥能夠減少5%?！?

然而吸煙和大約30%的癌癥有關(guān)，飲食和大約25%的癌癥有關(guān)，酒精和大約6%的癌癥有關(guān)。

肥胖增加了乳腺、子宮、腸和腎臟得癌癥的危險，而人們知道酒精會導(dǎo)致嘴 、喉嚨和肝臟的癌癥。以上因素如果和抽煙共同發(fā)生，危險性就更大的。

凱在英國慈善癌癥研究會議上說，人們還不知道與癌癥相關(guān)的飲食中的其他因素，但是科學家們希望EPIC 研究能夠給出答案。EPIC研究正在比較十個國家50萬人的飲食和患癌癥的比例。

這個研究的早期結(jié)果揭示挪威、瑞典和丹麥消費水果和蔬菜的量在歐洲國家中是最低的，而意大利和西班牙的水果和蔬菜消費量是最大的。專家推薦每天至少食用五份水果和蔬菜來減少得癌癥、乳腺癌和前列腺癌。

EPIC 研究的帶頭科學家——凱說他們現(xiàn)在正在關(guān)注飲食 一些非常普遍的癌癥之間的聯(lián)系，包括直腸癌、乳腺癌和前列腺癌。

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