學位英語

Unintended Births on Rise in Nigeria

A new study says unintended births are on the rise among young Nigerian women. What's more, early marriage and early motherhood remain common.

The findings are reported by the US-based Guttmacher Institute and the Women's Health and Action Research Center in Benin City. They say despite large improvements in young women's education between 1990 and 2003, there have not been major gains in sexual and reproductive health awareness.

Akinrinola Bankole, director of international research at the Guttmacher Institute, is a co-author of the study. From New York, he describes the findings of the study as a mixed bag.

"It's encouraging in the sense that young people are becoming more educated than before. And also we see some increase in contraceptive（避孕） use, which means they are making an effort to protect themselves against unintended pregnancy and SDI, including HIV," he says.

On the other hand， "They are not doing that as successfully as they should, given the fact that many of them are becoming pregnant and having children when they actually did not want to," he says.

The study says, "Government policies to promote sexual and reproductive health information for young Nigerians exist on paper but have not been successfully implemented."

Bankole says, "Secondly, we believe that there is a need for better sex education in schools in order to inform young people about how to adequately protect themselves."

Lack of information has consequences. "If we do not curb(抑制) the trend of increasing unintended births and pregnancy, then we might find a situation where young people drop out of school. We might find their life ambitions are being cut short." he says. "While it would require a major government investment of funds to prevent these problems, it would still be cheaper than dealing with them once they occur. "

1.There are fewer and fewer unintended births among young Nigerian women

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正確答案:B

解析:該題說的是：越來越少的尼日利亞女人意外生育。文章提到了這種情況越來越多。注意第一段中的“on the rise”的意思是“在增長”。

2.Early marriage and early motherhood are hardly seen in Nigeria

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正確答案:B

解析:該題說的是：早婚和早孕在尼日利亞已經(jīng)幾乎沒有了。第一段最后一句提到這種現(xiàn)象很普遍。因此錯誤。“remain common”的意思是“仍然普遍”。

3.Although young women have been educated a lot, they still don’t have much sexual and reproductive health awareness

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正確答案:A

解析:該題說的是：盡管年輕女性受過不少教育，他們還是沒有很好的有關性和生殖衛(wèi)生方面的意識。第二段的最后一句說明了這一點

4.There is a satisfactory result of contraceptive use, and unintended pregnancy and births have been successfully controlled

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正確答案:B

解析:該題說的是：避孕工具的使用起到了令人滿意的作用，意外懷孕和生產(chǎn)被成功的控制住了。原文第四段提到了避孕工具的使用和人們在防止意外懷孕和預防性傳播疾病方面的努力，但第五段提到他們并沒有做到令人十分滿意，意外懷孕的現(xiàn)象還有很多。因此錯誤。

5.Nigerian Government is not making any effort in promoting sexual and reproductive health information

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正確答案:B

解析:該題說的是：政府并沒有在推廣性生殖健康信息方面進到任何努力。該觀點顯然與文章第六段的說法矛盾。

6.If unintended births and pregnancy keeps increasing, there will be a possibility that many young people have to quit school.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正確答案:A

解析:該題說的是：如果意外懷孕和生產(chǎn)的情況繼續(xù)增加，許多年輕人將不得不輟學。文章最后一段第三行能夠找到相同意思的說法。注意“drop out of school”意思是“輟學”。

7.The government would have to spend more money in solving these problems after they burst than in preventing them beforehand.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mentioned

正確答案:A

解析:該題說的是：政府事后解決這些問題要比事先預防花費更多的錢。文章最后一句說的是預防需要政府負的大量資金投入，但這還是要比問題發(fā)生之后處理便宜些。因此正確。

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