學(xué)位英語(yǔ)

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以下名詞單復(fù)數(shù)同形：

means(手段) headquarters(司令部)

works(工廠) species(物種)

aircraft(飛機(jī)) Chinese(中國(guó)人)

sheep(羊) fish(魚(yú))

中國(guó)的計(jì)量單位：li(里), yuan(元), mu(畝)等

實(shí)例：

Every means has been tried out, but without satisfactory results. (每個(gè)方法都試過(guò)了，但結(jié)果不令人滿(mǎn)意。)

4、形式上是復(fù)數(shù)的學(xué)科名稱(chēng)，如physics , statistics, dynamics 作單數(shù)看待;時(shí)間、距離、鈔票、重量等復(fù)數(shù)，可以看作一個(gè)整體作單數(shù)處理，如：Two days is not enough for me to finish the task. (要我完成此項(xiàng)任務(wù)兩天是不夠的。)

5、名詞做另一名詞的修飾語(yǔ)：

一般用單數(shù)形式，如：a college student中的college 為單數(shù)形式。

注意：

(1) 以下名詞做另一名詞修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)要用復(fù)數(shù)形式：sport → a sportsman (運(yùn)動(dòng)員)/ sale → a sales department(銷(xiāo)售部) / savings → a savings account (儲(chǔ)蓄存款)/ communication → a communications satellite (通訊衛(wèi)星) / greeting → a greetings cable(慰問(wèn)電)

(2) 不規(guī)則名詞修飾另一名詞時(shí)數(shù)的變化：a woman doctor (一個(gè)女醫(yī)生) → two women doctors (兩個(gè)女醫(yī)生) / the Chinese women's volleyball team (中國(guó)女排) / a children hospital (兒童醫(yī)院)

6、family(家庭), group(小組), police(警察)，committee(委員會(huì)), team(組), box(盒), audience(觀眾)等詞，可以是單數(shù)，也可以是復(fù)數(shù)，關(guān)鍵要看題目所給的提示，例如：

The whole box of matches _____ wet; I couldn't light a simple one

A. was

B. is

C. were

D. are

解題思路：這道題如果沒(méi)有后半句I couldn't light a simple one，是沒(méi)辦法解答的。這句話提示了兩點(diǎn)：

(1)時(shí)態(tài)為"過(guò)去時(shí)"，故B、D已不可能了;

(2)"a simple one"說(shuō)明是指盒子內(nèi)的一根根火柴，故答案為C.試想，如果我們把后半句改為 "I had to throw it away", 那么正確答案應(yīng)是A.

所以，看清題目的提示對(duì)于解題是非常重要的。

7、注意以下表達(dá)方式中名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式

to be / make friends with(友好 / 交朋友)

to change places with (交換位置)

to make preparations for(為…作準(zhǔn)備)

to give regards to(向…問(wèn)好)

to make matters worse(把事情弄糟)

to hurt feelings(傷害感情)

to be all smiles(滿(mǎn)臉堆笑)

to take sides (偏袒某方)

to have words with(吵架)

to burst into tears (突然哭了)

8、量詞的使用：

由于英語(yǔ)中名詞分可數(shù)與不可數(shù)，量詞的使用也有區(qū)別：

修飾可數(shù)名詞

(a) few / fewer / fewest

many / more / most

a great (good) many

many a

a number of

the number of

既可修飾可數(shù)名詞 也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞

a lot of / lots of

plenty of (time, money, people)

修飾不可數(shù)名詞

(a) little / less / least

much / more / most

a great (good) deal of

an amount of / amounts of

the amount of

量詞使用中應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題：

1) 分清可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞是前提;

2) 不要把量詞的形式搞混淆了：下面哪個(gè)表達(dá)形式是對(duì)的?

A. A lot students have come back from the summer holiday.

B. A few of the students have come back from the summer holiday.

C. A great many of students have come back from the summer holiday.

D. Many a student has have come back from the summer holiday.

E. The number of students have come back from the summer holiday.

F. A number of students have come back from the summer holiday.

以上六個(gè)表達(dá)方式中只有F 是對(duì)的。為什么?

A. a lot students → a lot of students

B. a few of the students → a few students

C. a great many of students → a great many students

D. Many a student has come back from the summer holiday.

E. The number of 表示數(shù)目，如：The number of the students in our class is 50.

A number of 表示"一些"，"不少"，認(rèn)真對(duì)比一下，看出問(wèn)題來(lái)了嗎?

問(wèn)多少錢(qián)、多少重量時(shí)用：How much…?問(wèn)距離時(shí)用：How far is it from…to…?

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