學位英語

The Magic of Sound

Music is one of the most beautiful forms of artistic expressions ever invented. In movies and plays, music has an added function1: it not only moves people but also can shock people. Is it true that an ordinary musical instrument can be so powerful?

Our eardrums can withstand sound within 20 to 80 decibels. Once sound exceeds this limit2, even beautiful music will become car-splitting noise3 and harm health. A strong blast of high sound can twist and break a solid iron sheet. 1

The noise from a plane’s engine is over 140 decibels. However, the sound of a flute is at most a few decibels. 2 It has been proven that people who have worked in an environment with a high sound intensity for a long time suffer varying degrees of heart disease or altered brain waves.

In movies, sometimes the hero can produce a sound that ordinary people can’t hear and only those who have the same ability can feel. In nature, there is actually sound that is beyond our hearing. In physics, the sound that exceeds 20,000 Hz is called ultrasonic. 3 It does no harm to health.

Sound less than 20 Hz is called infrasonic waves. When we move, the air will vibrate. 4 As the frequency of infrasonic waves is close to that of people’s internal organs4, infrasonic wave may cause resonance in human bodies. As a result, people’s vision may weaken and internal organs may rupture. However, whether an infrasonic wave can be used as a weapon depends on its intensity5. If its intensity is very low, it won’t damage internal organs or a person’s health. 5 When wind blows at a force of 3 or 4 over the sea6, it will produce infrasonic waves of several decibels. Only typhoons can produce infrasonic waves of over 100 decibels. At present, scientists can only produce infrasonic weapons in the lab with the help of advanced scientific tools and powerful electric power.

A High sound of 150 decibels can kill a healthy rat.

B The vibration of air can produce infrasonic waves.

C We cannot play high-pitched music with ordinary musical instruments.

D If the intensity of infrasonic wave exceeds 160 decibels, it is extremely harmful.

E Dolphins, whales and bats can make such high-frequency sound.

F Therefore, the sound of ordinary musical instruments cannot harm your health.

答案與題解：

1. A 本段要說明，音量超過 80分貝，即使是美妙的音樂，對人體也有害，“空 1”前面的句子說：一陣高分貝的強烈的沖擊波能使一塊鐵板扭曲和破裂?！翱?1”的句子應該與高分貝的聲音的危害性有關(guān)。選項 A的“High sound of 150 decibels can kill a healthy rat是高分貝聲音的危害性的又一個例子。從”空 1”位置上隱去的句子必是此句。 A是答案。

2. F “空 2”前面的句子說，長笛發(fā)出的聲音強度昀多只有幾個分貝。選項 F提到樂器，和“空 2”前面的句子的長笛有聯(lián)系，再看內(nèi)容， F的句子是對上一句意思的概括。 F是答案。

3. E “空 3”前的句子說超過 2萬赫茲的聲音稱為超聲波，“空 3”后的句子說超聲波對人體無害。位于這兩個句子之間的“空 3”的內(nèi)容應該與超聲波有關(guān)。選項 E說海豚、鯨魚和蝙蝠能發(fā)出這種高頻率的聲音。從內(nèi)容上看，選項 E與上下文意思連貫，因此是答案。

4. B“空 4”前面的兩個句子是 “Sound less than 20 Hz is called infrasonic waves. When we move, the air will vibrate主題是 infrasonic waves。選項 B (“The vibration of air can produce infrasonic waves.”)的句子中，有 vibration， air有和 infrasonic waves，它們與上述兩句子的用詞重復，說明內(nèi)容聯(lián)系十分緊密，而且意思連貫，所以， B是答案。

5. D “空 5”前面的句子說：如果次聲波的強度低，不會傷害人的內(nèi)部器官或影響人的健康。與上述意思有聯(lián)系的句子出現(xiàn)在選項 D。選項 D說：如果次聲波的強度超過 160分貝，就極為有害。兩個句子連在一起 .構(gòu)成一個完整的論述，所以， D是答案。

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