雅思

考試日期：

2012年11月24日

Reading Passage 1

Title:

Russian Ballet

Question types:

TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN; Table Completion

文章內(nèi)容回顧

俄國芭蕾舞發(fā)展史

題型難度分析

第一篇的題型是非無判斷題難度并不大，但是需要考生細(xì)心關(guān)注答案的寫法，很多考生把TRUE/FALSE又寫成YES/NO。第二題表格題為送分題，因此第一篇文章的難度不大。

題型技巧分析

TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN OR YES/NO/NOT GIVEN

1. 答案寫法：

若要求寫TRUE, 卻寫成：T ( × ) true ( × ) True ( × ) YES ( × )

2. 題目在原文出現(xiàn)的位置：順序原則

3. 考點(diǎn)：即題目中可能說錯(cuò)的部分

4. 定位詞（排除考點(diǎn)）：

專有名詞、術(shù)語、物質(zhì)名詞

時(shí)間、數(shù)字

歸納句子是關(guān)于哪方面信息的（即為定位詞或短語）

5. 判斷T/Y的情況：1） 同義、近義替換

2） 歸納總結(jié)

6. 判斷F/N的情況：100%否認(rèn)原文

7. 判斷NG的情況：根據(jù)原文無法100%判斷題目T/F（不可利用常識(shí)）

劍橋雅思推薦原文練習(xí)

劍6 Test 3

Reading Passage 2

Title:

Aquaculture in New Zealand

Question types:

Summary Completion; Matching people with opinions; Multiple Choice

文章內(nèi)容回顧

新西蘭關(guān)于海洋新物種培育的影響

英文原文閱讀

Aquaculture is the general term given to the cultivation of any fresh or salt water plant or animal. It takes place in New Zealand in coastal marine areas (mariculture) and in inland tanks or enclosures.

Aquaculture in New Zealand currently (2008) occupies 14,188 ha. Of that area, 7,713 ha is in established growing areas and is owned by the aquaculture industry, 4,010 ha is used to enhance the wild scallop fishery and belongs to the Challenger Scallop Enhancement Company,[6] and 2,465 ha is an exposed site six kilometres offshore from Napier where trials are being undertaken by a private company to test the site’s economic viability.

In 2005 the aquaculture industry provided direct employment for about 2,500 full time equivalents, mostly in the processing sector. A similar amount of indirect employment resulted from flow-on effects. The aquaculture industry is important for some coastal areas around New Zealand where there is limited employment. This applies particularly to some Māori communities with traditional links to coastal settlements.

Marine aquaculture, mariculture, occurs in the sea, generally in sheltered bays along the coast. In New Zealand, about 70 percent of marine aquaculture occurs in the top of the South Island. In the North Island, the Firth of Thames is productive.

Marine farmers usually look for sheltered and unpolluted waters rich in nutrients. Often these areas are also desirable for other purposes. In the late 1990s, demand for coastal aquaculture space upsurged, increasing fivefold.[18] Aquaculture consents developed haphazardly, with regional councils unsure about how marine farms might impact coastal environments. By 2001, some councils were inundated with marine farm applications, and were operating with inadequate guidelines for sustainably managing the coast.[19] As the Ministry for the Environment put it: "Attempts to minimise local or cumulative environmental effects resulted in bottlenecks, delays and high costs in processing applications for new marine farms, local moratoria, submitter fatigue and poor environmental outcomes. Marine farmers, local communities, and the government wanted change."

In 2002, the government stopped issuing consents for more new marine farms while they reformed the legislation. The consents had operated under a system overseen by both the Ministry of Fisheries and the regional councils. The reforms aimed to streamline these applications for both freshwater and marine farms. Industry farmers objected to the moratorium, on the grounds that delaying expansion and diversification could not be in the interest of the industry. Māori groups considered they were especially affected since they were the main applicants for coastal farms.

This took three years, and in early 2005, Parliament passed the Aquaculture Reform Act 2004, which introduced the new legislation. The act amends five existing acts to cope with the new environmental demands, and creates two new acts, the Māori Commercial Aquaculture Claims Settlement Act 2004 and the Aquaculture Reform (Repeals and Transitional Provisions) Act 2004.[20] The legislation and administration of aquaculture in New Zealand is complex for such a small industry. A more comprehensive overview can be found here.

Aquaculture is administered in New Zealand through labyrinth bureaucracies, with consequent diluted responsibilities. No single ministerial portfolio or government agency is responsible. As an example, in 2007 the government released a strategy on aquaculture. This strategy was endorsed by six government ministers with the following portfolios: fisheries, environment, conservation, local government, Māori affairs, industry and regional development. Further, there were five government departments directly involved in the preparation of the strategy. As another example, the access to marine and freshwater aquaculture sites are under the control of 17 regional local government agencies with yet more oversight by various central government agencies.

Despite many further consultations and incentives, no new aquaculture space was created under the new legislation for another four years. This coincided with a change in government at the end of 2008, which announced that the aquaculture reforms are to be overhauled.

題型難度分析

這篇文章的難度比第一篇的難度要高，出現(xiàn)了人名觀點(diǎn)配對(duì)題，而配對(duì)題無序的特點(diǎn)增加了這篇文章的難度。

題型技巧分析

Detail Matching 細(xì)節(jié)配對(duì)題

分類： 人/物體/地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間&特點(diǎn)/描述/事件

人名→理論

段落→具體信息

特點(diǎn)：

1）A: 當(dāng)題目為專有名詞、術(shù)語或物質(zhì)名詞時(shí)，題目一般遵循順序原則

B: 當(dāng)題目不是專有名詞、術(shù)語或物質(zhì)名詞，而選項(xiàng)是時(shí)，題目一般不遵循順序原則

2）答案是否會(huì)重復(fù)使用？取決于NB

3）做題方法：

A: 當(dāng)題目為專有名詞、術(shù)語或物質(zhì)名詞時(shí)，根據(jù)題目在原文定位，理解原文對(duì)應(yīng)內(nèi)容并選出答案（著重考察對(duì)文章的理解）

B: 當(dāng)題目不是專有名詞、術(shù)語或物質(zhì)名詞，而選項(xiàng)是時(shí)，在文章中把選項(xiàng)中所有的專有名詞、術(shù)語或物質(zhì)名詞劃出，然后在題目中劃定位詞在文章中定位。

注意：結(jié)構(gòu)閱讀法的運(yùn)用

若某1、2題做不出來，可先做后面題目，然后再返回來做。

劍橋雅思推薦原文練習(xí)

劍4 Test 2

劍7 Test 4

Reading Passage 3

Title:

Talent

Question types:

Heading; Short-answer Questions; TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN

文章內(nèi)容回顧

講公司考核員工主要的依據(jù)，talents, 文章批判了傳統(tǒng)的觀點(diǎn)（才能是與生俱來的，是不變的，是需要公司去發(fā)現(xiàn)的）。文章先用一段肯定了有才能的人的存在，然后分段講到，才能是隨時(shí)間變化的，是不能被精確度量的，是可以憑努力換來的。

題型難度分析

標(biāo)題配對(duì)題的出現(xiàn)使得本篇文章難度最高，雖然有簡答題這種送分題，但很多考生依然最后一篇沒有做完。

題型技巧分析

Heading 標(biāo)題配對(duì)題

1. 題目位置（文章前）

2. 答案可以/不可以重復(fù)使用？

3. 捷徑 A: 僅讀每段的第1、2句，準(zhǔn)確率20%-100%

B: 在heading 選項(xiàng)中劃定位詞在文章段落中定位，準(zhǔn)確率60%-100%

4. 方法: 無詞閱讀法

只見森林不見樹木

About what/whom

e.g.: Water is the giver and taker of life. It covers most of the surface of the planet on which we live and features large in the development of human race.

做題步驟: 1). 讀懂段落的第一、二句

2). 略讀其他句子，理清句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系

A: 其他句子解釋說明第一、二句

Heading根據(jù)第1、2句歸納

B: 出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折詞或相應(yīng)表達(dá)，把思路逆轉(zhuǎn)

Heading根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折后的內(nèi)容歸納

C: 附加新的信息

找信息之間的共同點(diǎn)

D: 最后一句總結(jié)前文

劍橋雅思推薦原文練習(xí)

劍8 Test 3

考試趨勢分析和備考指導(dǎo)：

本次雅思閱讀考試中“人見人煩”的配對(duì)題出現(xiàn)的量不是很多，而是非無判斷題的量較多。接下來的雅思閱讀考試中將會(huì)繼續(xù)“判斷題和細(xì)節(jié)配對(duì)題依然保持主流題型，而送分題也會(huì)不斷出現(xiàn)”這一特點(diǎn)。

應(yīng)對(duì)策略：考生要特別注意每一種題型的復(fù)習(xí)，尤其要重視主流題型的復(fù)習(xí)，另外送分題型也要注意其考試特點(diǎn)。同時(shí)，題型技巧只是一個(gè)方面，技巧只能“錦上添花”，而無法“雪中送炭”，因此更重要的是考生們自己語言實(shí)力的提高。